DINASTIE FARAONI
NEBKHEPRURA. XVIII Dinastia 1333-1323 a.C.
Tutankhamon, salito al trono ad appena nove anni. Regnò per un decennio durante il quale la rivoluzione religiosa posta in atto dal suo predecessore Akhenaton, fu totalmente annullata.
Amon tornò ad essere considerato la divinità principale, gli antichi dei furono riabilitati.
Ancora oggi gli egittologi dibattono le varianti onomastiche del Faraone Dimenticato. Basti pensare che nei primi anni del suo regno, fu seguace di Aton per poi tornare all’antica religione.
Questo spiega il passaggio dal nome di Tutankhaton a Tutankhamon. La versione Tut-ankh-amon, pare essere la più corretta allo stato attuale degli studi.
I tre etimi che compongono il nome significano rispettivamente:
TUT – Segno regale, cioè radicale della schiatta regale egizia;
ANKH – Segno della vita;
AMON – Segno della divinità, cioè unità divina.
“Perfetta la vita di Amon”, il faraone bambino della XVIII dinastia è destinato da una serie di circostanze a imperitura celebrità, fu genero e forse anche figlio di Akhenaton.
Tell el-Amarna fu abbandonata in favore di Menfi e il clero potè tornare ad esercitare la propria indiscussa autorità.
Tuttavia, i veri sostenitori del giovanissimo faraone non furono tanto i sacerdoti quanto piuttosto i militari. Essi ritenevano indispensabile una convinta opera di pacificazione per risollevare la situazione internazionale del paese.
Non è dunque un caso che al giovanissimo Tutankhamon, morto ad appena diciannove anni, siano succeduti prima Kheperkheprure Ay, un comune cittadino distintosi per singolari capacità militari, che aveva l’incondizionato appoggio dei sacerdoti di Amon.
Forse, proprio la mania di grandezza di Ay assicurò a Tutankhamon l’eternità della fama.
Il successore del giovane faraone, infatti, volle impossessarsi del maestoso monumento funebre che già era stato apprestato per lui nella Valle dei Re, cedendogli in cambio la propria ben più modesta tomba. Proprio per le sue ridotte dimensioni, quest’ultima, dopo un primo tentativo di saccheggio, finì per essere interrata, persa di vista e dimenticata da tutti per secoli.
Così, quando nel 1922 gli inglesi Carnavon e Carter la riportarono alla luce, lo splendido corredo funebre che essa conteneva risultò straordinariamente intatto.
L’autentico tesoro che essa ci ha restituito, unito alla leggenda della maledizione che si sarebbe abbattuta sui profanatori di questa tomba, ha consegnato definitivamente il faraone bambino agli onori della gloria.
La maschera funeraria
Shedeh il vino di Tutankhamon
PROSSIMI ARTICOLI
Carter e la scoperta della tomba di Tutankamon
La maledizione
La tomba
I sarcofagi
Geroglifici: Tutankhamon
Shedeh il vino di Tutankhamon
[…] fiorire di questa nuova cultura tuttavia ebbe fine con la morte del faraone. Tutankhamon il suo successore, riportò la capitale a Tebe e restaurò il culto di […]
[…] Sarcofago di Tutankhamon […]
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