DINASTIE FARAONI

Faraone Merenptah

1213-1204 a.C. XIX Dinastia
Merenptah, tredicesimo figlio di Ramses II nato dalla grande regina Isetnofra, salì al trono in età già avanzata e regnò soltanto otto anni.

Tempio funerario e ipogeo a Tebe, palazzo e tempio di Ptah a Menfi, cappelle rupestri a Siririya, al Gebel el-Silsila e, un po’ dovunque correzioni su antiche mura.

L’opera di Merentptah non può certo paragonarsi a quella del padre.

Gli avvenimenti del regno di Merentptah rivelano che negli ultimi anni del regno di Ramses la potenza militare e la sicurezza esterna dell’Egitto erano peggiorate.

Nel V anno di regno di Merenptah  la potente tribù dei Libu, aiutata da Mashawash e Kehek apparentati e da contingenti delle tribù di pirati venuti dall’Egeo, cominciarono a muovere verso est.

L’invasore, in marcia verso Menfi, venne fermato a Perire, al limite del Delta, a prezzo di un duro combattimento.

Il capo libu venne detronizzato, e il bottino di armi, prigionieri e bestiame fu considerevole. Fu necessario anche reprimere una grave insurrezione in Bassa Nubia.

Per assicurare la presenza egiziana in Palestina, furono condotte azioni contro tre città: Ascalona, Gezer e Yenoam, e contro le genti di Israele.

Una delle iscrizioni che celebrano la vittoria sui Libici e che ricorda questi interventi in Asia è il testo egizio che nomina Israele, di gran lunga la menzione più antica di questo nome. Questa “stele di Israele” ha contribuito alla celebrità di Merenptah.

Contrariamente ad una vecchia idea persistente non è possibile considerarlo come il faraone sotto il quale ebbe luogo l’Esodo.

La mummia di Merenptah è stata ritrovata nel nascondiglio del sepolcro di Amenothep II

61 pensiero su “FARAONE MERENPTAH”
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