TRA STORIA E MITO

Guerre e Battaglie Nativi americani

IL MASSACRO DI SAND CREEK

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Gen 31, 2020 , , , , ,
Massacro di Sand Creek

29 novembre 1864.

Settecento soldati comandati dal colonnello Chivington, a dispetto dei trattati di pace firmati dai capi tribù locali con il governo statunitense, attaccarono un accampamento di circa seicento nativi americani.

Nell’estate del 1864 il governo degli Stati Uniti ordinò che tutte le tribù si radunassero presso un forte dell’esercito nel Colorado.

I nativi rifiutarono di lasciare le loro terre.

Fu quindi chiesto al colonnello Chivington di organizzare un reggimento di volontari il quale formò il 3° Reggimento dei volontari del Colorado.

Questi uomini furono reclutati per cento giorni con il compito di massacrare quanti più nativi potevano. Si rifacevano ad un proclama del 1854 del governatore Evans, che esortava la popolazione a cacciare ed eliminare il maggiore numero di nativi.

Il campo Cheyenne si trovava in un’ansa a ferro di cavallo del fiume Sand Creek, sul versante orientale, poco distante, vi era il campo Arapaho.

Nell’accampamento vi erano circa seicento nativi.

Due terzi erano donne e bambini, la maggior parte dei guerrieri si trovava a diversi chilometri di distanza a caccia di bisonti.

I nativi che pensavano di non aver nulla da temere durante la notte, misero delle sentinelle soltanto ad un recinto dove era custodita una mandria di cavalli.

All’alba il colonnello Chivington fece circondare l’accampamento.

Nonostante gli accordi presi e la bandiera americana che sventolava nel mezzo dell’accampamento, comandò l’attacco contro una popolazione inerme che quasi nulla poté fare per reagire.

Fu un massacro.
Massacro di Sand Creek

Inizialmente i fatti di Sand Creek furono dipinti come una battaglia vittoriosa contro dei nativi ribelli.

In seguito furono oggetto di varie investigazioni da parte dell’Esercito statunitense e del Congresso, che espressero un severo giudizio sull’operato di Chivington e dei suoi uomini.

Nessuna misura punitiva fu presa nei confronti di dei partecipanti al massacro.

Il massacro di Sand Creek provocò attacchi di rappresaglia da parte dei nativi contro gli insediamenti dei coloni europei, nonché un esodo di massa delle tribù native dal Colorado orientale.

Massacro Sand Creek
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