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Stati Uniti Storie dal Mondo

KU KLUX KLAN

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Feb 14, 2020 , , , , ,

STORIE DAL MONDO

Ku Klus Klan

Il Ku Klus Klan fu fondato da ex militari dell’esercito Sudista nel 1865. Nacque negli Stati Uniti come una confraternita di protestanti bianchi convinti della loro supremazia.

Il gruppo originale si oppose alla riforma forzata della confederazione da parte delle truppe Federali a proposito del trattamento degli ex schiavi, spesso usando la violenza per raggiungere i loro scopi.

Il Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, disse che la protezione delle donne del Sud era stata la ragione per l’istituzione del KKK.

Un secondo, ben distinto, gruppo che usò lo stesso nome iniziò la sua attività vicino Atlanta nel 1915 per interesse di William J. Simmons.

Questa seconda confraternita aveva l’intento di raccogliere denaro e combattere per mantenere le tradizioni statunitensi minacciate dal crescente numero di cattolici, ebrei, neri e immigranti.

Benché predicasse il razzismo, fu una organizzazione che arrivò a contare 4 milioni di membri negli anni ’20.

La sua popolarità cadde prima e durante la grande depressione. Fu sciolta durante la seconda guerra mondiale nel 1944 da James Colescott.

Il nome Ku Klux Klan è alla fine diventato di libera utilizzazione. È stato utilizzato in varie forme da molti gruppi senza relazioni reciproche che si opposero al Civil Rights Act negli anni ’60

Oggi, il nome è simbolo di astio ed intolleranza, ed è ancora utilizzato da alcune piccole organizzazioni fra loro ufficialmente scollegate.

I membri del Ku Klux Klan indossano tuniche bianche con il cappuccio, per rappresentare gli spiriti dei soldati che tornano dal mondo dei morti per vendicarsi sui loro nemici, nascondendo le loro facce.

Un’altra spiegazione delle tuniche bianche e del cappuccio è l'”anonimità del lavoro ben fatto”. Infatti i membri del KKK credono che il compito sia stato assegnato loro direttamente da Dio, e indossano tunica e cappuccio in segno di umiltà.

Un’altra spiegazione ancora dei costumi è quella di imitare i Cavalieri templari, a cui si ispira anche la Massoneria.

La maggioranza dei dirigenti del Klan erano infatti massoni di rito scozzese ed avevano il grado di “Cavaliere Templare”.

Titoli come “Grande Mago”, “Ciclope Superiore” e Kleagle erano utilizzati per indicare lo status all’interno del Klan.

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