STORIE DAL MONDO
Di quelle menzionate da Filone di Bisanzio (III-II sec. a.C.) ne restano solo due.
Nell’antica Grecia vissero molti grandi scultori e architetti era quindi naturale che fossero loro a compilare un elenco delle Sette Meraviglie del Mondo.
Perchè proprio sette?
Perchè fin dall’antichità questo era considerato un numero magico
La prima lista venne compilata nel III secolo a.C. durante la breve esistenza del Colosso di Rodi. Per la prima volta si parlò delle Sette Meraviglie in una poesia scritta circa cento anni dopo da Antipatro di Sidone, che visse ad Alessandria.
Un secondo elenco, scritto nel II secolo a. C. da Filone di Bisanzio era lo stesso di Antipatro di Sidone, solo che al posto del Faro di Alessandria figuravano le mura di Babilonia.
Le liste greche ispirarono le generazioni successive e ne vennero compilate molte altre.
Una del Medioevo comprendeva il Colosseo di Roma, le catacombe di Alessandria, Stonehenge in Inghilterra la Grande Muraglia Cinese, la Torre di porcellana di Nanchino, la chiesa di Santa Sofia ad Istanbul e la Torre di Pisa.
Delle Sette Meraviglie restano solo le Piramidi e una delle porte di Babilonia.
Costruite per la morte di tre faraoni: Cheope, Chefren e Micerino.
La più alta è la Grande Piramide di Cheope che in origine misurava 146 m circa
Sul fiume Eufrate, furono costruiti dal re Nabucodonosor che regnò dal 605 al 562 a.C.
Disegnato dall’architetto greco Pizio di Priene, si trovava sulla costa dell’Asia Minore ed era a tomba del re Mausolo. Un terremoto lo danneggiò verso il 1400 d. C., in seguito le sue pietre furono utilizzate da Cavalieri di San Giovanni per costruire una fortezza.
Città greca, venne costruito dal re Creso intorno al 560 a.C. Fu incendiato, ma venne ricostruito duecento anni dopo. I Goti lo distrussero nel 262 d.C.
Il monumento più importante del tempio di Zeus ad Olimpia, fu costruito dallo scultore ateniese Fidia intorno al 430 a.C. Ricoperta d’oro ed avorio aveva un’altezza di 12 metri, Un terremoto la distrusse nel VI a.C.
Era alto più di trenta metri, dedicato al dio sole Elio era stata costruita nel 290 a.c. dallo scultore Carete. Sorgeva all’ingresso del porto. Fu distrutta 66 anni dopo la costruzione
Si trovava in Egitto ed era il primo faro costruito nel mondo. Alto 134 m fu innalzato nel 280 a.C.
[…] largo, a circa 800 metri di distanza, si trova un’isola, Faro, dove Tolomeo fece erigere il faro che serviva come punto di sosta per i naviganti giunti dal mare […]
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